Publisher Item Identifier
The Publisher Item Identifier (PII) is a unique identifier used by a number of scientific journal publishers to identify documents.[1] It uses the pre-existing ISSN or ISBN of the publication in question, and adds a character for source publication type, an item number, and a check digit.
The system was adopted in 1996 by the American Chemical Society, the American Institute of Physics, the American Physical Society, Elsevier Science, and the IEEE.
Format
[edit]A PII (pii) is a 17-character string, consisting of:
- one character to indicate source publication type: "S" = serial with ISSN, "B" = book with ISBN
- ISSN (8 digits) or ISBN (10 characters) of the serial or book to which the publication item is primarily assigned
- in the case of serials an additional two digit number to pad the difference between the 8-digit ISSN and an ISBN (suggested are the last two digits of calendar year of the date of assignment, which is not necessarily identical to the cover date)
- a 5-digit number assigned by the publisher that is unique to the publication item within the serial or book
- a check digit (0-9 or X)
When a PII is printed (as opposed to stored in a database), the 17-character string may be extended with punctuation characters to make it more readable to humans, as in Sxxxx-xxxx(yy)iiiii-d or Bx-xxx-xxxxx-x/iiiii-d.
Example
[edit]The PII S0960-894X(96)00515-X can be broken down as, where
- S - Indicates the publication is a serial, not a book
- 0960-894X - ISSN 0960-894X for the publication Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters
- 96 - Padding/Year Code (1996)
- 00515 - Publisher's internal number
- X - Check digit
This is the PII for a scientific paper by Silvie Géhanne et al.:
- Géhanne, Sylvie; Piga, Elisabetta; Andreotti, Daniele; Biondi, Stefano; Pizzi, Domenica (1996). "Synthesis and antibacterial, activity of 4-ureido trinems". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 6 (22): 2791–2794. doi:10.1016/S0960-894X(96)00515-X.
DOI
[edit]PII codes can be used as the item ID in a DOI identifier.[2] In the previous example, the number 10.1016 is the DOI's publisher ID (Elsevier), a slash acts as a separator, followed by the PII code S0960-894X(96)00515-X.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Publisher Item Identifier as a means of document identification". Elsevier. 9 April 1998. Archived from the original on 2003-10-13.
- ^ Powell, Andy (1 January 1997). "Unique Identifiers in a Digital World". Ariadne (8). Archived from the original on 8 June 2021.
External links
[edit]- Norman Paskin (September 1996). "Document identifiers: an update on current activities". Quarterly Newsletter of the International Council for Scientific and Technical Information (23). Archived from the original on 2002-11-18.
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