China–Uzbekistan relations

China–Uzbekistan relations
Map indicating locations of China and Uzbekistan

China
Uzbekistan
Diplomatic mission
Chinese Embassy, TashkentUzbek Embassy, Beijing
Envoy
Ambassador Jiang YanAmbassador Farhod Nuritdinovich Arziev

China–Uzbekistan relations (Uzbek: Xitoy-O'zbekiston munosabatlari) are the bilateral relationship between China and Uzbekistan. Both countries are members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.

History[edit]

According to the Ming Shilu, ambassadors from the Uzbek Khanate and Bukhara Khanate corresponded with Ming China more than 20 times between 1488 and 1618.[1]

China recognized Uzbekistan's independence on 27 December 1991 and the two countries established relations on 2 January 1992.[2] Both countries signed the "China-Uzbek Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation" in 2005, during Uzbek leader Islam Karimov's meeting with Chinese leader Hu Jintao in Beijing.[3]

Uzbekistan has cooperated with China in extraditing Uyghur activists from the country.[4] In July 2019, UN ambassadors of 37 countries, including Uzbekistan, signed a joint letter to the United Nations Human Rights Council defending China's persecution of Uyghurs.[5][6] Uzbekistan was one of 16 countries that defended China in 2019 but did not do so in 2020.[7]

Uzbek Prime Minister Abdulla Aripov called China Uzbekistan's "closest partner" on a 26 August 2019 meeting.[8]

Economic relations[edit]

China is currently Uzbekistan's leading trading partner as the largest source of exports and imports for the country.[9][better source needed] China has also increasing its development loans to Uzbekistan.[8] China regards Uzbekistan as a critical part of the Belt and Road Initiative.[citation needed]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "The Tūqmāq (Golden Horde), the Qazaq Khanate, the Shībānid Dynasty, Rūm (Ottoman Empire), and Moghūlistan in the XIV-XVI Centuries: from Original Sources" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2023-01-16. Retrieved 2022-05-08.
  2. ^ "Cooperation of the Republic of Uzbekistan with the countries of the Asia and the Pacific". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-10-22. Retrieved 2020-12-24.
  3. ^ Buckley, Chris (2005-05-27). "China 'honors' Uzbekistan crackdown". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2020-01-31. Retrieved 2020-01-31.
  4. ^ Jardine, Bradley. "China's Surveillance State Has Eyes on Central Asia". Foreign Policy. Archived from the original on 2019-11-15. Retrieved 2020-01-31.
  5. ^ "Which Countries Are For or Against China's Xinjiang Policies?". The Diplomat. 15 July 2019. Archived from the original on 16 July 2019. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
  6. ^ "Saudi Arabia and Russia among 37 states backing China's Xinjiang policy". Reuters. 12 July 2019. Archived from the original on 2019-12-10. Retrieved 2019-07-13.
  7. ^ Basu, Zachary (8 October 2020). "Mapped: More countries sign UN statement condemning China's mass detentions in Xinjiang". Axios. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 18 December 2020.
  8. ^ a b "Uzbekistan Increasingly Turns to China for Development Loans". Jamestown Foundation. Archived from the original on 2019-09-09. Retrieved 2020-01-31.
  9. ^ "China-Uzbekistan partnership to reach higher level - Xinhua | English.news.cn". www.xinhuanet.com. Archived from the original on October 31, 2019. Retrieved 2020-01-31.
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