Ayyavaji
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Ayyavaji (Tamil: அய்யாவழி Malayalam: അയ്യാവഴി[1] -"Tanrı'nın yolu") 19 yy.'da Güney Hindistan'da ortaya çıkmış[2] Dharmatik bir inanç sistemidir.[3] Çeşitli yayınlar,[4][5][6] hükûmet raporları[7][8] ve akademik araştırmalar[9][10][11][12] bunun bağımsız monistik bir din[13] olduğunu belirtirler. Ayyavaji'nin bir Hindu mezhebi olduğunu savunan görüşler de mevcuttur.[14][15][16] Hindistan nüfus sayımlarında bu dinin takipçilerinin büyük çoğunluğu kendilerini Hindu olarak tanıtmıştır.
Ayyavaji, hayatın merkezindedir ve Ayya Vaikundar dini lideridir. O, fikirlerini ve felsefesini Akilattirattu Ammanai ve Arul Nool kutsal kitaplarında toplamıştır. Buna göre Ayya Vaikundar, Narayana'nın avatarıdır. Ayyavaji'nin, mitoloji ve uygulamada Hinduizm ile birçok fikir paylaşımları mevcuttur, ancak; iyi ve kötü ve dharma kavramları oldukça farklıdır.[17] Ayyavaji, dharmatik inanç olarak sınıflandırılmaktadır çünkü dharmanın merkezine odaklanmıştır.[18]
Ayyavaji takipçileri, Hindistan'ın geneline yayılmış olmasına karşın, özellikle Tamil Nadu ve Kerala eyaletlerinde yoğunlaşmışlardır. Sayılarının 8 ile 10 milyon arasında olduğu tahmin edilmektedir.
Kaynakça[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]
- ^ The 'zhi' (ழி) portion of the word, 'Ayyavazhi', is a retroflex, and it is correctly transliterated according to the National Library at Kolkata romanization as ayyavali.
- ^ Tha. Krishna Nathan, Ayyaa vaikuNdarin vaazvum sinthanaiyum, p. 62: "அவர் (வைகுண்டர்) மாற்றுப் பிறப்பு பெற்ற நாளே அய்யாவழி சமய மரபு தோற்றம் பெற்ற நாள்(கி.பி.1833) எனக் கூறலாம்." (The day at which Vaikundar is given rebirth could be considered as the date of origin of 'Ayyavazhi religion'.)
- ^ Arisundara Mani, Akilathirattu Ammanai Parayana Urai p. 4
- ^ The following morning and evening dailies calls Ayyavazhi as a separate religion:
- Malai Malar (leading evening Tamil daily), Nagercoil Edition, 4 March 2007, p. 5, "சுவாமி ஊர்வலத்தை அய்யாவழி பக்தர்கள் சமய தலைவர் பால பிரஜாபதி அடிகளார்..." (this report calls Ayyavazhi ('அய்யாவழி சமயம்') "a separate religion");
- Dinakaran (Tamil Daily), Nagercoil Edition, 1 March 2007, p. 3: "அய்யாவழி சமய தலைவர் பால பிரஜாபதி அடிகளார் அடிக்கல் நாட்டினார்"("Bala Prajapathi Adikalar the head of Ayyavazhi religion laid foundation stone for the ...");
- Dinakaran (Tamil Daily), Nagercoil Edition, 14 February 2011, p. 2: "...தலைமை பதிக்கு வந்த ரவிசங்கர்ஜியை அய்யாவழி சமய தலைவர் பால பிரஜாபதி அடிகளார் வரவேற்றார்."("Bala Prajapathi Adikalar the head of Ayyavazhi religion welcomed Sri Sri Ravi Shankar who arrived here in Swamithope pathi...");
- Dina Thanthi, Nagercoil Edition, 2/3/2007, p. 5. "மாநாட்டுக்கு அய்யாவழி சமய தலைவர் பால பிரஜாபதி அடிகளார் தலைமை தாங்குகிறார்." Translation – "The religious conference is led by Bala Prajapathi Adikalar, the head of Ayyavazhi religion." This news from a leading news paper in India, on reporting the 175th Ayya Vaikunda Avataram, calls Ayyavazhi a religion, and Bala Prajapathi Adikalar the head of Ayyavazhi religion;
- Tamil Murasu (4/3/2006), p. 3:"இதையொட்டி குமரி மாவட்டம் சாமி தோப்பில் 'அய்யா வழி சமய' மாநாடு (the conference of 'Ayyavazhi religion') உள்பட..."
- ^ "Nallakannu Watches Ayyavazhi". " They follow a religion based on his principles, which is called Ayyavazhi.". 3 Şubat 2009 tarihinde kaynağından (www.kollywoodtoday.com) arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 9 Haziran 2008.
- ^ "Ayyavazhi followers visit Swamithoppu" (The Hindu). " By the middle of nineteenth century, Ayyavazhi was recognised as an independent religion...". Chennai, India. 5 Mart 2010. 10 Mart 2010 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 5 Mart 2010.
- ^ "Bala Prajapathi Adikalar Manivizha" (www.tn.gov.in). "The Maniviza (fest) for Bala Prajapathi Adikalar, the head of Ayyavazhi religion ..."(Tamil:Press release No-45/13-01-2008.). Erişim tarihi: 22 Mart 2009.
- ^ "Sri Vaikunda Swamigal" (PDF). "By the midnineteenth century, Ayyavazhi came to be recognized as a separate religion and spread in the regions of South Travancore and South Tirunelveli.". 13 Mayıs 2015 tarihinde kaynağından (Tamilnadu Text book Corporation) arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 22 Mayıs 2010.
- ^ G. Patrick, Religion and Subaltern Agency, Chapter 5, pp. 120–121. '"it may be concluded that, AV emerged as a 'new and singular' religious phenomenon in that context"
- ^ The Land of Charity (Samuel Mateer). "this singular people display considerable zeal in the defence and propagation" (This author's view is negative over the 'belief of Ayyavazhi', but this book is cited here only to reflect the then structure of Ayyavazhi on the social and religious ground as viewed by an outsider.). 20 Mayıs 2011 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 23 Ocak 2008.
- ^ Graham Harvey and Robert J. Wallis, (2007), Historical Dictionary of Shamanism, ISBN 0-8108-5798-7, Scarecrow Press, pp. 101
- ^ M.C. Raj (2001), Dalitology: The Book of the Dalit People, Ambedkar Resource Centre, Tumkūr, India, p. 422, "The Shanans also started a non-Brahminic religion called Ayya Vazhi." ISBN 81-87367-04-0
- ^ N. Vivekanandan, Akilathirattu Ammanai moolamum Uraiyum, Volume 2, p. 97
- ^ "Tamil Nadu – Nagercoil". "... which was the headquarters of Ayya Vazhi sect, had been decorated with jewels in view of the ongoing festival ...". 11 Ekim 2020 tarihinde kaynağından (Gold ornaments stolen from temple) arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 15 Nisan 2009.
- ^ Dr. R. Ponnu, Sri Vaikunda Swamigal and the Struggle for Social Equality in South India, p. 98
- ^ "Madurai News Letter" (PDF). "Fr. Maria Jeyaraj arranged an inter-faith dialogue at Samithoppu, Kanyakumari, on 'Akila Thirattu Ammanai' and 'Arul Nool', the scriptures of 'Ayya Vazhi', an 'important sect of Hinduism'. The present head of Ayya Vazhi, Sri Bala Prajapathi Adigalar, guided the meeting.". 29 Kasım 2007 tarihinde kaynağından (Thozhamai Illam, Kanyakumari) arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 23 Ocak 2008.
- ^ G. Patrick, Religion and Subaltern Agency, pp. 111–113,
- ^ G. Patrick, Religion and Subaltern Agency, pp. 160–161.