Extinct Native American language
Adai (also Adaizan , Adaizi , Adaise , Adahi , Adaes , Adees , Atayos ) is an extinct Native American language that was spoken in northwestern Louisiana .
It was once proposed that there may be a connection between Adai and the nearby Caddoan languages , but this now seems unlikely.[ 3]
Adai is known only from a list of 275 words from 1804 by John Sibley.[ 4] [ 3]
gloss Adai fire nang water holcat earth capăt air gavecăt wind solette sky ganick sun naleen moon nachavat star otat light cahachet darkness hachaoosto day nestack night arestenet cold hastalza smoke sewot cloud sowie fog sawiatto rain ganic hail hiechuck ice hăhing frost hatsuck dew helgat rainbow cochakee thunder nacotrine lightning newiche yesterday woncha today naleaton tomorrow ansteete a day nallenachus a month ponachus a year ovetsnachus spring hoasang summer weetsuck autumn hăstal neetsoock winter henawnck a man haasing a woman quaechuke a boy tallahache a girl quoatwistuck a child tallahaning father kewanick mother amanie brother gasing sister nasing husband hasekino wife quochekino son tallehennic daughter quolasinic the body stieng the head tochae the hair catatuck the beard tosocat the faced annack an eye analca the nose wecoocat the cheek ampachochuk chin teaskuck lip wacachuck mouth wacatcholak tooth awat tongue tenanat ear calat neck hautoleat arm walcat wrist sickolat hand secut finger okinsin belly noeyack back sahaocat side soleot bubby acut nipple actonè thigh otack leg ahasuck foot nocal toe notocat skin polac nails sicksapasca bone wahacut blood pchack life waaton death oeying food capisting meat kosing fat taanack lean ahcanick bread okhapin Indian corn ocasuck milk haplecut egg oalaken a house coochut buffalo haapan elk wakhanissie deer wakhine bear solang wolf akalasco panther hieanne wildcat ocashine polecat nowat fox yanostan beaver culawa raccoon angalasto opossum wasehat hare awaine squirrel onack flying squirrel paachan mole ainolack a bird washang an eagle ochuck a hawk tiang owl onack turkey owachuck swan teotoka wild goose nicknicka duck ahuck turkey buzzard aspachuack raven anak crow antocock (anlocock) blackbird tehalhuck crane cuhat pigeon anchocat pheasant newatocat partridge newan mockingbird waccocochin redbird yatochosto snake hostuck lizard annuila butterfly washep fly ganetso fish aesut frog halonloka (halontoka) gold selhack silver stawa copper holnasak a stone ekseka wood mang gum wastocha a mountain tolola hill newanah valley steluck sea aatack lake aatalkon pond holcata river yawichat creek yacuck a spring holcastalga grass hasack a tree tanack pine tanquechat cedar nooktanuck sycamore heohè ash toltenna elm napstein beech hancaptin birch caoluck maple wieack oak pantana chestnut hangan hickory tampchasuck walnut nahattonie locust nohat mulberry etalenno a vine colac tobacco hackhuck joy olaha sorrow cachtiek
gloss Adai white testaga black hatona green naetsa blue ostonga yellow neetsack red pechasat good awiste bad ashawè large tocat small enechet high alonie low hatishtinet broad walack narrow cooatechuck old hansnala young tallahasin new colisco hard toosca soft yolaca sweet piscacha sour chacuck bitter yaweiling hot welchuck cold hostalga dry tollooso wet walloco strong olack weak okesack pretty alwoinie ugly chawack sick kistana brave hackhing cowardly tewani wise acknossese foolish achiskiet
gloss Adai I hicatuck you innaluak he nassicon she estuck they ostachan this attack that natack
gloss Adai to eat okeach to drink hann to sleep nican to laugh heike to cry newaskè to sing havetoo to whistle yastoo to smell nescon to hear henaasack to see watuck to speak cocheek to walk enacoot to run hehi to stand hintoco to sit hetachelsa to lie down connie to smoke a pipe hatchhunk to love cosetan to hate hieska to strike ecanhack to kill yoeick to dance nasan to jump yestook to fall yeahtack to break cheeceek (cheereek?) to bend pasquoque
gloss Adai 1 nancas 2 nass 3 colle 4 tacache 5 seppacan 6 pacanancus 7 pacaness 8 pacalcon 9 sickinish 10 neusne 11 cooscosnawa 12 coawaconnos 13 coescoescola 14 coescoestacahce 15 coescoesspacanas 16 coescoespacana 17 coescoespalcol 18 coescoespaciness 19 coescoessickiness 20 neusnieanagas 20 coescoesnagas 30 coescoesnass 40 coescoescola 50 coescoestathata 60 coescoesipagan 70 coescosepanas 80 coescoeshana 90 coescoespalcola 100 coescoessikiness 200 neusnicola 300 neusnicol 400 coscosnagas 500 coscosnassa 600 coescoescolla 700 coescoestacataha 800 coescoesipacanis 900 coescoespacanis 1000 quosquospanis
gloss Adai yes cola no ieska
Notable places language was spoken [ edit ] ^ Adai at MultiTree the Linguist List ^ "Our Language – ADAI CADDO INDIAN NATION" . Retrieved 2025-03-22 .^ a b Grant, Anthony P. 1995. John Sibley's Adai vocabulary: a contribution to Caddoan Lexicography? Paper presented at 1995 Siouan-Caddoan Conference, Albuquerque. 15pp. (Contains the entire vocabulary of Adai from MS in American Philosophical Soc.) ^ Sibley, John. 1804. A vocabulary of the Adaye or Adaize Indians . Manuscript. (See also Mithridates Vol. 3, part 3., p. 278.) Campbell, Lyle. (1997). American Indian languages: The historical linguistics of Native America . New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-509427-5 Mithun, Marianne. (1999). The languages of Native North America . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-23228-7 (hbk); ISBN 0-521-29875-X .
Language families
Proposed groupings Lists
