Oscar Kambona

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Oscar Kambona
1st Minister of External Affairs
In office 1963–1966
President	Julius Nyerere
Succeeded by	Chedial Mgonja
Personal details
Born	(1928-08-13)13 August 1928 Mbinga District,  Tanganyika
Died	3 June 1997(1997-06-03) (aged 68) London, United Kingdom
Resting place	Tanzania
Nationality	Tanzanian
Political party	TADEA
Other political affiliations	Tanganyika African National Union
Spouse	Flora Moriyo
Children	Mosi Neema
Alma mater	Middle Temple

Oscar Salathiel Kambona (13 August 1928 – 3 June 1997^[1][2]) Was the first Minister of Foreign Affairs of Tanganyika from 1963 to 1966. He was born on August 13, 1928, in the village of Kwambe, located near Mbamba Bay on the shores of Lake Nyasa in the Nyasa district near Songea, Ruvuma region, South Tanganyika, which is now part of Tanzania. He later passed away in London in November 1997.

The son of the Reverend David Kambona and Miriam Kambona, Kambona's father was among the first African priests to be ordained into the Anglican Church of Tanganyika. He received his elementary school education at home under a mango tree in his home village - a tree that still stands today. He was taught by his parents and uncle, all of whom were teachers. Kambona was then sent to St. Barnabas Middle School in Liuli, Southern Tanganyika, near his home. He subsequently attended Alliance Secondary School in Dodoma, Central Tanganyika.

Due to financial constraints, Kambona's father could not afford to pay for his education but through his reputed eloquence in reciting the Lord's Prayer in English, he is said to have persuaded a British Anglican bishop into sponsoring his schooling. He was then selected to attend Tabora Boys’ Senior Government School, where he first met Julius Nyerere, future president of Tanganyika, at the time a teacher at St. Mary's, a Catholic school in Tabora town.

Political career[edit]

Kambona became the secretary-general of the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU) during the struggle for independence and worked closely with Nyerere, who was president of TANU, the party that led Tanganyika to independence. Tanganyika secured independence from Britain on December 9, 1961.

In February 1967, Tanzania adopted the Arusha Declaration, an economic and political blueprint for the transformation of Tanzania into a socialist state. Kambona was opposed to this fundamental change and argued that the government should first launch a pilot scheme to see if the policy was going to work on a national scale.

Tony Laurence states in his book The Dar Mutiny of 1964, published by Book Guild Publishing, that, fearing for his life, Kambona went to live in exile in Great Britain with no financial support and took a number of low-paying jobs to support himself and his family.

References[edit]

Sources[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Oscar Kambona.

• Godfrey Mwakikagile, chapter 13, "Coup Attempts Against President Julius Nyerere and Reflections on Coup Leader Oscar Kambona by Andrew Nyerere," in his book Nyerere and Africa: End of an Era, 2nd Edition (Las Vegas, Nevada: Protea Publishing Co., 2005), pp. 359 – 377.

The book covers extensively the 1970 treason trial in which Oscar Kambona was implicated as the ring leader. The trial was open to the public.

The author has also addressed the army mutiny of 1964 in Tanganyika among many other subjects.

• Godfrey Mwakikagile: Eurocentric Africanist? https://sites.google.com/site/intercontinentalbookcentre/godfrey-mwakikagile-a-eurocentric-pan-africanist
• Jacqueline Audrey Kalley, Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997 (Greenwood Press, 1999), p. 594, where she says President Julius Nyerere challenged Oscar Kambona to return to Tanzania and testify before a judicial commission that he had not deposited large sums of money in his account.
• "Bibi Titi and the Treason Trial of 1970," in The East African, Nairobi, Kenya, 10–16 November 1999.
• Adam Seftel and Annie Smyth, editors, Tanzania: The Story of Julius Nyerere, Mkuki na Nyota Publishers, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and Fountain Publishers, Kampala, Uganda.
• Kambona Foundation, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.