Hyper Velocity Gliding Projectile
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Hyper Velocity Gliding Projectile (HVGP) (島嶼防衛用高速滑空弾, Tōsyobōeiyō-kōsoku-kakkūdan) is a Japanese hypersonic glide vehicle being intended to be used as a hypersonic weapon.[1][2] This is effectively Japan’s first de-facto ballistic missile.[3] While it is officially labeled as a missile for island defense, it is also considered to have potential enemy base attack capabilities.[4]
Design and capabilities
[edit]The HVGP is designed as a standoff missile capable of attacking enemy forces and bases from outside the enemy weapon engagement zone.[4][5] The development of the HVGP is based on an incremental approach, with Block 1 being developed as an early version based on existing technology, followed by the development of a performance-enhancing Block 2.[5][6] Both of them are designed for launch using a solid rocket booster, with the projectile separating from it at a high altitude and then gliding at hypersonic speeds until impact.[2][7] In Block 2, glide performance will be further improved by introducing waverider technology.[5]
Projectile guidance would be primarily provided by satellite navigation, with inertial navigation system as a backup.[7] Radio-frequency imaging and infrared homing would also be used for guidance when engaging moving targets.[7] Special armour-piercing ammunitions, capable of penetrating the deck of aircraft carriers, are used to attack ships, and high-density explosively formed projectiles (EFPs), capable of area suppression, are used to attack ground targets.[7]
Block 1 is expected to be a short-range ballistic missile with an estimated range of 300–500 km (160–270 nmi).[3][5] Block 2, on the other hand, is planned to be a medium-range ballistic missile with a range of 2,000–3,000 km (1,100–1,600 nmi).[3][8]
Deployment
[edit]The plan is to complete the development of Block 1 by FY2025 and begin deployment in FY2026, and to begin deployment of Block 2 in the 2030s, deploying two battalions in the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force.[6][8] These batteries are being considered for deployment in Hokkaido and Kyushu.[9]
The development of a submarine-launched version is under consideration, reportedly.[10]
References
[edit]Citations
[edit]- ^ "Joint Systems Development Division", Acquisition, Technology & Logistics Agency, retrieved December 17, 2022
- ^ a b Dominguez 2022.
- ^ a b c 内閣府 (March 2023), シンクタンク機能の試行事業の成果物 資料6 広範囲調査分析 (PDF), p. 240
- ^ a b 高橋浩祐 (March 2023), "日本の極超音速巡航ミサイルの模型が公開（動画付き）", Yahoo!ニュース
- ^ a b c d Fuse 2020, pp. 216–217.
- ^ a b Ministry of Defense (December 2022), 防衛力整備計画 [Defense Buildup Program] (PDF) (in Japanese)
- ^ a b c d Yeo 2020.
- ^ a b Matsuyama 2022.
- ^ "防衛省「高速滑空弾」部隊新設へ 九州と北海道に配備を検討" [Ministry of Defense to establish a new "Hyper Velocity Gliding Projectile" unit, considering deployment in Kyushu and Hokkaido.], NHK News (in Japanese), December 10, 2022
- ^ "「反撃能力」保有へ、長射程ミサイル同時開発を検討…極超音速など１０種類以上" [To possess "counterattack capability," simultaneous development of long-range missiles is being considered], Yomiuri Shimbun (in Japanese), December 1, 2022
General and cited references
[edit]- Dominguez, Gabriel (July 26, 2022), "Japan advances hypersonics research with combustion flight test", The Japan Times
- Fuse, Satoshi (2020), 先端技術と米中戦略戦争－宇宙、AI、極超音速兵器が変える戦い方 [Advanced Technology and the U.S.-China Strategic War: Space, AI, and Hypersonic Weapons Changing the Game] (in Japanese), Shuwa System Co., Ltd, ISBN 978-4798062242
- Matsuyama, Naoki (December 27, 2022), 敵基地攻撃の長射程ミサイル、「5年後」「10年後」と段階的に配備 [Standoff missiles for enemy base attack will be deployed in phases of 5 and 10 years.], Asahi Shimbun (in Japanese), archived from the original on December 27, 2022, retrieved December 27, 2022
- Yeo, Mike (March 14, 2020), "Japan unveils its hypersonic weapons plans", Defense News