Fontanka

Water system of Ligovsky Canal

	Dudergofskoye lake

	Dudergofka River
		1718-1721
To Moskovskoye s.
Three highways interchange	Ring Road To Bronka
Three highways interchange	Dachnaya street
Three highways interchange	Diameter To sea port terminal


To Predportovaya	To Ulyanka, Ligovo
To Predportovaya	To Leninsky Prospekt
To Predportovaya	To Leninsky Prospekt
To Konstitutsii square	Leninsky Pr. To Leninsky Metro


	Krasnenkaya River
To Konstitutsii square	Krasnoputilovskaya To Avtovo
Moscow Gate Square	Moskovsky Avenue
Tsarskoselskaya Railway	Kubinskaya Street
Obvodny Y. V. Aqueduct	Aviatorov Pound
Znamenskya Square	Nevsky Prospect
Ponds	Fontanka
	Panteleymonovsky Aqueduct
	Fountains of the Summer Garden
Ponds in Tauride Garden	Steam pump
	Water inlet	1720s
Neva	Moyka

The Fontanka (Russian: Фонтанка), a left branch of the river Neva, flows through the whole of Central Saint Petersburg, Russia – from the Summer Garden to Gutuyevsky Island [ru]. It is 6.7 kilometres (4.2 mi) long, with a width up to 70 metres (230 ft), and a depth up to 3.5 metres (11 ft). The Moyka River forms a right-bank branch of the Fontanka. Lined along the Fontanka Embankment stand the former private residences of Russian nobility.

Description[edit]

source

mouth

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Fontanka course in central St Petersburg

The river, one of 93 rivers and channels in Saint Petersburg, was once named Anonymous Creek (in Russian, Bezymyannyi Yerik, Безымянный ерик). In Russian, yerik is a secondary or intermittent river-channel (creek or brook). In 1719 the river received its present name, because water from it supplied the fountains of the Summer Garden.

Until the mid-18th century the Fontanka River marked the southern boundary of Saint Petersburg. Along its banks stood the spacious messuages of members of the Russian Imperial Family and of the nobility, the most brilliant being the Summer Palace and the Anichkov Palace. In 1780–89, architect Andrey Kvasov supervised the construction of the granite embankments and approaches to the river. The river-bed was regularised as well.

Examples of Baroque architecture along the banks of the river include the Sheremetev Palace, Beloselsky-Belozersky Palace, Naryshkin-Shuvalov Palace, and the Church of St Panteleimon (built 1735–1739). Notable Neoclassical structures from the 18th century include the Catherine Institute [ru], the Anichkov Palace and the Yusupov Palace on Sadovaya Street [ru].

Some of the mansions contain museums of the writers and composers who lived there: Gavrila Derzhavin (1743–1816), Alexander Pushkin (1799–1837), Ivan Turgenev (1818–1833), Anna Akhmatova (1889–1966) and others.

Fifteen bridges span the Fontanka, including the 18th-century Lomonosov Bridge and the extravagant Egyptian Bridge. The most famous bridge, the Anichkov Bridge, carries the Nevsky Prospekt over the river.