Corruption in Turkey
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Corruption in Turkey is an issue affecting the accession of Turkey to the European Union.[1][2] Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index scores 180 countries according to their perceived level of public sector corruption on a scale of 0 (very corrupt) to 100 (very honest).[3] Since the current scale was introduced in 2012, Turkey's score has fallen from its highest score of 50 (2013) to its lowest, current score of 34 (2023). When the 180 countries in the Index were ranked by their score (with the country perceived to be most honest ranked 1), Turkey ranked 115 in 2023.[4] For comparison with worldwide scores, the average score was 43, the best score was 90 (ranked 1), and the worst score was 11 (ranked 180).[4] For comparison with regional scores, the highest score among Eastern European and Central Asian countries [Note 1] was 53, the average score was 35 and the lowest score was 18.[5]
The 1998 Türkbank scandal led to a no-confidence vote and the resignation of Prime Minister Mesut Yılmaz. Although Yılmaz was investigated by Parliament, a five-year statute of limitations prevented further action.[6][7] On 17 December 2013, the sons of three Turkish ministers and many prominent businesspeople were arrested and accused of corruption.
Anti-Corruption Legislation[edit]
Anti-Corruption legislation includes Turkey's Criminal Code which criminalizes various forms of corrupt activity, including active and passive bribery, attempted corruption, extortion, bribing a foreign official, money laundering and abuse of office. Nevertheless, anti-corruption laws are poorly enforced, and anti-corruption authorities are deemed ineffective.[8]
See also[edit]
- 2011 Turkish sports corruption scandal
- 2013 corruption scandal in Turkey
- Crime in Turkey
- Lost Trillion Case
- Media of Turkey
- Türkbank scandal
- International Anti-Corruption Academy
- Group of States Against Corruption
- International Anti-Corruption Day
- ISO 37001 Anti-bribery management systems
- United Nations Convention against Corruption
- OECD Anti-Bribery Convention
- Transparency International
Notes[edit]
- ^ Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Russia, Serbia, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan
References[edit]
- ^ Michael, Bryane (5 February 2005). "The Role of Anti-Corruption in the Turkish Accession to the EU". Turkish Policy Quarterly. 2004 (Winter). Retrieved 6 April 2004.
- ^ Alan Doug, (2010) "Asking the right questions? Addressing corruption and EU accession: The case study of Turkey", Journal of Financial Crime, Vol. 17 Iss: 1, pp.9 - 21
- ^ "The ABCs of the CPI: How the Corruption Perceptions Index is calculated". Transparency.org. 20 December 2021. Retrieved 6 April 2024.
- ^ a b "Corruption Perceptions Index 2023: Turkey". Transparency.org. Retrieved 6 April 2023.
- ^ "CPI 2023 for Eastern Europe & Central Asia: Autocracy & weak justice systems enabling widespread corruption". Transparency.org. Retrieved 6 April 2024.
- ^ Zeynep Sarlak and Besim Bulent Bali (2007), Corruption in Turkey:“Is the donor content when the recipient is content?! Archived 2013-12-03 at the Wayback Machine, University of Konstanz Discussion Paper Series 9.
- ^ Zeynep Sarlak and Besim Bulent Bali (2008), Corruption in Turkey: Why cannot an urgent problem be a main concern? Archived 2013-03-19 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Turkey Corruption Profile". Business Anti-Corruption Profile. Archived from the original on 15 May 2016. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
External links[edit]
