List of countries by inequality-adjusted Human Development Index

World map representing the inequality-adjusted Human Development Index categories (based on 2022 data, published in 2024):
  0.800–1.000 (very high)
  0.700–0.799 (high)
  0.550–0.699 (medium)
  0.000–0.549 (low)
  Data unavailable
World map showing more detailed breakdown of countries by inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (based on 2022 data, published in 2024):
  0.900–0.910
  0.850–0.899
  0.800–0.849
  0.750–0.799
  0.700–0.749
  0.650–0.699
  0.600–0.649
  0.550–0.599
  0.500–0.549
  0.450–0.499
  0.400–0.449
  0.350–0.399
  0.300–0.349
  0.250–0.299
  0.222–0.249
  Data unavailable

This is a list of countries by inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI), as published by the UNDP in its 2025 Human Development Report. According to the 2016 Report, "The IHDI can be interpreted as the level of human development when inequality is accounted for", whereas the Human Development Index itself, from which the IHDI is derived, is "an index of potential human development (or the maximum IHDI that could be achieved if there were no inequality)".[1][2]

Methodology

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Main article: Human Development Index
See also: List of countries by Human Development Index

The index captures the HDI of the average (calculated using not arithmetic, but geometric mean) person in society, which is less than the aggregate HDI when there is inequality in the distribution of health, education and income. Under perfect equality, the HDI and IHDI are equal; the greater the difference between the two, the greater the inequality.

The IHDI, estimated for the world and specific countries, captures the losses in human development due to inequality in health, education and income. Losses in all three dimensions vary across countries, ranging from just a few percent (e.g. Czech Republic and Slovenia) up to over 40% (e.g. Angola and Comoros). Overall loss takes into account all three dimensions. [3]

It should be noted the comparison between these two maps show low efficacy in showing a difference between IHDI and HDI.

List

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The table below ranks countries according to their inequality-adjusted human development index (IHDI). Data is based on 2023 estimates.

2023 inequality-adjusted HDI (IHDI) (2025 report)

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Table of countries by IHDI
Rank Country 2023 estimates (2025 report)[4][5]
IHDI HDI Overall loss (%) due to inequality
1  Iceland 0.923 0.972 5.0
2  Norway 0.909 0.970 6.3
 Denmark 0.962 5.5
4   Switzerland 0.894 0.970 7.8
5  Netherlands 0.892 0.955 6.6
6  Belgium 0.891 0.951 6.3
 Finland 0.948 6.0
8  Germany 0.890 0.959 7.2
9  Sweden 0.886 0.959 7.6
 Ireland 0.949 6.6
11  Slovenia 0.885 0.931 4.9
12  Australia 0.873 0.958 8.9
13  United Kingdom 0.869 0.946 8.1
14  Canada 0.867 0.939 7.7
 Czech Republic 0.915 5.2
16  United Arab Emirates 0.866 0.940 7.9
17  Austria 0.861 0.930 7.4
18  South Korea 0.857 0.937 8.5
19  New Zealand 0.853 0.938 9.1
20  Japan 0.845 0.925 8.6
21  Malta 0.843 0.924 8.8
22  Cyprus 0.841 0.913 7.9
 Estonia 0.905 7.1
24  Hong Kong 0.839 0.955 12.1
25  Luxembourg 0.838 0.922 9.1
26  Andorra 0.837 0.913 8.3
27  France 0.836 0.920 9.1
28  Slovakia 0.833 0.880 5.3
29  United States 0.832 0.938 11.3
30  Croatia 0.828 0.889 6.9
31  Greece 0.825 0.908 9.1
32  Singapore 0.823 0.946 13.0
33  Spain 0.819 0.918 10.8
 Hungary 0.870 5.9
35  Italy 0.817 0.915 10.7
 Poland 0.906 9.8
37  Israel 0.813 0.919 11.5
38  Lithuania 0.812 0.895 9.3
 Latvia 0.889 8.7
40  Portugal 0.795 0.890 10.7
41  Serbia 0.772 0.833 7.3
42  Montenegro 0.771 0.862 10.6
 Belarus 0.824 6.4
44  Kazakhstan 0.766 0.837 8.5
45  Argentina 0.761 0.865 12.0
46  Romania 0.758 0.845 10.3
 Russia 0.832 8.9
48  Brunei Darussalam 0.756 0.837 9.7
49  Seychelles 0.755 0.848 11.0
50  Georgia 0.754 0.844 10.7
51  Oman 0.750 0.858 12.6
52  Bulgaria 0.748 0.845 11.5
53  Uruguay 0.747 0.862 13.3
54  Armenia 0.743 0.811 8.4
55  Azerbaijan 0.735 0.789 6.8
56  Chile 0.723 0.878 17.7
 North Macedonia 0.815 11.3
58  Moldova 0.719 0.785 8.4
59  Ukraine 0.715 0.779 8.2
60  Turkey 0.708 0.853 17.0
61  Malaysia 0.707 0.819 13.7
62  Albania 0.705 0.810 13.0
63  Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.689 0.804 14.3
64  Tonga 0.682 0.769 11.3
65  Costa Rica 0.678 0.833 18.6
66  Thailand 0.677 0.798 15.2
67  Bahamas 0.670 0.820 18.3
 China 0.797 15.9
69  Mauritius 0.669 0.806 17.0
70  Panama 0.664 0.839 20.9
71  Kyrgyzstan 0.649 0.720 9.9
72  Mongolia 0.647 0.747 13.4
73  Mexico 0.646 0.789 18.1
74  Iran 0.643 0.799 19.5
75  Vietnam 0.641 0.766 16.3
76  Ecuador 0.640 0.777 17.6
77  Jordan 0.637 0.754 15.5
78  Dominican Republic 0.634 0.776 18.3
79  Peru 0.633 0.794 20.3
80  Sri Lanka 0.630 0.776 18.8
81  Marshall Islands 0.626 0.733 14.6
 Fiji 0.731 14.4
83  Barbados 0.620 0.811 23.6
84  Palau 0.616 0.786 21.6
85  Samoa 0.609 0.708 14.0
86  Indonesia 0.608 0.728 16.5
87  Venezuela 0.605 0.709 14.7
88  Maldives 0.602 0.766 21.4
89  Algeria 0.601 0.763 21.2
90  Paraguay 0.599 0.756 20.8
 Nauru 0.703 14.8
92  Philippines 0.597 0.720 17.1
93  Tunisia 0.595 0.746 20.2
94  Brazil 0.594 0.786 24.4
 Tajikistan 0.691 14.0
96  Colombia 0.593 0.788 24.7
World 0.590 0.756 22.0
97  Jamaica 0.590 0.720 18.1
98  Egypt 0.582 0.754 22.8
99  Bolivia 0.578 0.733 21.1
 Tuvalu 0.689 16.1
101  Gabon 0.558 0.733 23.9
102  El Salvador 0.555 0.678 18.1
103  Palestine 0.538 0.674 20.2
104  Nicaragua 0.535 0.706 24.2
 Kiribati 0.644 16.9
106  Iraq 0.534 0.695 23.2
107  Saint Lucia 0.523 0.748 30.1
108  Vanuatu 0.521 0.621 16.1
109  Morocco 0.517 0.710 27.2
110  Botswana 0.509 0.731 30.4
111  Honduras 0.496 0.645 23.1
112  Solomon Islands 0.483 0.584 17.3
113  Bangladesh 0.482 0.685 29.6
114  Guatemala 0.479 0.662 27.6
115  Bhutan 0.478 0.698 31.5
 Cabo Verde 0.668 28.4
 São Tomé and Príncipe 0.637 25.0
118  Myanmar 0.477 0.609 21.7
119  South Africa 0.476 0.741 35.8
120  India 0.475 0.685 30.7
121  Laos 0.462 0.617 25.1
122  Kenya 0.456 0.628 27.4
123  Timor-Leste 0.451 0.634 28.9
124  Cambodia 0.444 0.606 26.7
125  Namibia 0.438 0.665 34.1
126    Nepal 0.437 0.622 29.7
127  Eswatini 0.431 0.695 38.0
128  Republic of the Congo 0.426 0.649 34.4
129  Papua New Guinea 0.423 0.576 26.6
130  Zimbabwe 0.406 0.598 32.1
131  Uganda 0.400 0.582 31.3
132  Ghana 0.399 0.628 36.5
 Rwanda 0.578 31.0
134  Tanzania 0.391 0.555 29.5
135  Nigeria 0.379 0.560 32.3
136  Mauritania 0.374 0.563 33.6
137  Malawi 0.365 0.517 29.4
138  Pakistan 0.364 0.544 33.1
139  Togo 0.363 0.571 36.4
140  Zambia 0.361 0.595 39.3
 Cameroon 0.588 38.6
142  Angola 0.360 0.616 41.6
143  Lesotho 0.357 0.550 35.1
144  Comoros 0.356 0.603 41.0
145  Côte d'Ivoire 0.350 0.582 39.9
146  Democratic Republic of the Congo 0.341 0.522 34.7
 Djibouti 0.513 33.5
148  Senegal 0.340 0.530 35.8
149  Haiti 0.337 0.554 39.2
150  Guinea-Bissau 0.331 0.514 35.6
151  Gambia 0.329 0.524 37.2
152  Sudan 0.328 0.511 35.8
153  Liberia 0.326 0.510 36.1
 Ethiopia 0.497 34.4
155  Yemen 0.325 0.470 30.9
156  Afghanistan 0.321 0.496 35.3
157  Madagascar 0.319 0.487 34.5
158  Benin 0.316 0.515 38.6
159  Guinea 0.302 0.500 39.6
160  Mozambique 0.297 0.493 39.8
161  Burundi 0.286 0.439 34.9
162  Mali 0.281 0.419 32.9
 Sierra Leone 0.467 39.8
164  Burkina Faso 0.273 0.459 40.5
165  Niger 0.265 0.419 36.8
166  Central African Republic 0.253 0.414 38.9
167  Chad 0.252 0.416 39.4
168  Somalia 0.229 0.404 43.3
169  South Sudan 0.226 0.388 41.8

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Human Development Reports, Composite indices – HDI and beyond (2015) 87
  2. ^ "Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI)". Hdr.undp.org. Retrieved 2010-11-05.
  3. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions – Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI)". United Nations.
  4. ^ "Download IHDI dataset". hdr.undp.org. UNDP. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
  5. ^ "All composite indices and components time series (1990–2021)". hdr.undp.org. UNDP. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
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